A non-invasive near infrared spectrophotometric monitoring transducer
assembly includes a housing member, which is adhered directly on a
patient's skin. The housing member contains a prism coupled to a flexible
and lightweight single core optical light guide, which provides a means
of transferring narrow spectral bandwidth light from multiple distant
laser diodes of different wavelengths by use of a multi-fiber optic light
combining assembly. Different wavelengths are needed to monitor the level
of blood oxygenation in the patient. The assembly also contains a planar
light guide mounted on the prism located in the housing member, which
light guide contacts the patient's skin when the housing member is
adhered to the patient's skin. The light guide controls the spacing
between the prism and the patient's skin, and therefore controls the
intensity of the area on the patient's skin which is illuminated by the
laser light. The housing member contains a photodiode assembly, which
detects the infrared light at a second location on the skin to determine
light absorption. The photodiode assembly is preferably shielded from
ambient electromagnetic interference (EMI) by an optically transparent
EMI attenuating window. This rigid window placed over the photodiode also
provides a planar interface between the assembly and the skin, improving
optical coupling and stability as well as reducing the capacitive
coupling between skin and the photodiode resulting in further EMI
attenuation. The housing may be associated with a disposable sterile
hydrogel coated adhesive envelope, or pad, which when applied to the
patient's skin will adhere the housing to the patient's skin. The
transducer assembly will thus be reusable, and skin-contacting part of
the device, i.e., the envelope or pad can be discarded after a single
use. The assembly also includes a laser safety interlock means, which is
operable to turn off the laser light output in the event that the
assembly accidentally becomes detached from the patient's skin.