Seismic emission system for use in an underground formation, using at least one seismic source movable successively in a plurality of prepared activation locations and method for implementing same.The system comprises for example a plurality of coupling devices (1) including each for example two anchor elements (12, 9') tightly coupled with the formation (by cementing for example). These anchor elements are secured to the seismic source (V) such as a vibrator of any type or an impulsive source by transmission elements (10, 13). The seismic source is coupled with coupling device (1) by fast locking means (18, 19). Coupling devices (1) can be preinstalled at a plurality of prepared activation locations above the formation to be monitored. Seismic monitoring operations can be carried out by moving at least one seismic source successively between the different locations where coupling devices (1) are installed.