A retractor and a surgical tool are positioned within a cannula, and a
dissection cradle of the retractor is positioned at the distal end of the
cannula. The retractor includes a first portion with an axis
approximately parallel to the axis of the cannula and a second portion
with an axis that can be skewed relative to the axis of the cannula. The
dissection cradle is located at the distal end of the second portion of
the retractor, and may include two substantially parallel, spaced legs
with the retractor shaped in a loop between and in a plane skewed
relative to the axes of the legs, and with the loop directed away from
the surgical tool. Thus, in operation, a surgeon locates a vessel and
side branch of interest and extends the retractor to cradle the vessel in
the dissection cradle. Once cradled, the retractor may be deflected to
urge the vessel away from the axis of the cannula to isolate the side
branch for exposure to the surgical tool. Removable, transparent tips are
selectively positioned at the distal end of the cannula for performing
dissection and transection via a single cannula. Additionally, the tips
are configured to align the apices of the tips with the central axis of
the endoscope to maximize the visual field through the tips via the
endoscope. Wing-like protrusions on an alternate tip for the cannula
facilitate tissue dissection in forming a tunnel in tissue along a target
vessel. Swept back forward edges on the wing-like protrusions promote
easy tissue dissection using reduced force to advance the cannula and
alternate tip through tissue surrounding the target vessel.