The invention concerns a reconfigurable, multi-user optical communications network, with low latency time.It comprises at least one transmitter generating from a digital data signal a brightness-modulated light signal, encoded with a pseudo-random code generated from a predetermined software key, optical means to transport said light signals(s) to at least one receiver associated with a user.Each receiver comprises direct optical detection means generating an analog electrical signal characteristic of the sum of the encoded light signals transmitted, a pseudo-random code generator identical to that of the transmitters and means to decode said analog signal using a code transmitted by said code generator with a key identical to that associated with the transmitter with which the user wants to communicate, in order to recreate the data signal intended for the user.