An apparatus and method for performing successive chemical or biochemical
operations in an automated or semi-automated format are disclosed. The
apparatus includes (i) a substrate having two or more wells, where each
well is separated from adjacent well(s) by an energy barrier, (ii), a
magnetic bead having a surface on which at least one of said operations
is performed, and (iii) electromagnets positioned adjacent said wells,
for use in producing controlled-time electromagnetic fields in one or
more selected wells. A control unit operatively coupled to the
electromagnets functions to produce controlled-time electromagnetic
forces on the bead that are effective to transfer the bead from one well
to another across the energy barrier and optionally, to agitate the bead
within a well.