Multiplexed analysis of molecular structures of samples. A plurality of
sample wells is arranged on a substrate. A plurality of electrodes is
fabricated on a first side of the substrate. The electrodes are disposed
on the side of the substrate exposed to the sample wells. The electrodes
include working electrodes, counter electrodes, and optionally include
reference electrodes. At least two of the sample wells includes a
plurality of working electrodes. The plurality of electrodes is
configured to allow electrochemical analysis of the associated sample
wells in a multiplexed fashion. The plurality of electrodes is
electrically coupled to an interface to a sample analysis system. The
interface to the sample analysis system can include contacts or
connections. The sample analysis system controls a signal to the
electrodes in a multiplexed fashion and performs the electrochemical
analysis.