A lithographic printing plate precursor comprises: an aluminum support that has been subjected to an alkali metal silicate treatment; and an image-recording layer comprising (A) an infrared absorbent, (B) a polymerization initiator and (C) a polymerizable compound, the image-recording layer being removable with at least one of a printing ink and a fountain solution, wherein the aluminum support has a surface where the amount of the Si element attached to the surface in the alkali metal silicate treatment is 1 mg/m.sup.2 to less than 10 mg/m.sup.2.