Traffic demands are routed between network elements so as to provide
improved protection against network failures. A given traffic demand is
routed from a first network element to a second network element, where
the second network element is preferably either one of a set of
dual-homed elements, or coupled to a dual-homed element, and may also be
an element of a ring-type transport or a mesh-type transport. The second
network element processes the traffic demand such that a copy of a signal
associated with the demand is (i) retained at the second network element,
while the signal is routed to at least one additional network element, or
(ii) routed to at least one additional network element, while the signal
is routed to at least one network element other than the additional
network element. For example, in a multidrop connection implemented in
accordance with the invention, a copy of the signal is "dropped" at the
second network element and one or more additional network elements. In a
multicast connection implemented in accordance with the invention, one or
more copies of the signal are multicast from the second network element
to multiple additional network elements.