A system for translating a portrait-oriented software address to a
portrait-oriented yet landscape-configured display address. Based on the
orientation of a display device, an address translation system either
passes the software address "as is" or translates the address to
represent a portrait-oriented display address. A refresh address
generator operates alternatively in column-forward and column-reverse
modes, and additionally operates alternatively in row forward and row
reverse modes to selectively rotate the image.