A method and surgical technique for corneal reshaping and for presbyopia
correction are provided. The preferred embodiments of the system consists
of a scanner, a beam spot controller and coupling fibers and the basic
laser having a wavelength of (190-310) nm, (0.5-3.2) microns and
(5.6-6.2) microns and a pulse duration of about (10-150) nanoseconds,
(10-500) microseconds and true continuous wave. New mid-infrared gas
lasers are provided for the corneal reshaping procedures. Presbyopia is
treated by a method which uses ablative laser to ablate the sclera tissue
and increase the accommodation of the ciliary body. The tissue bleeding
is prevented by a dual-beam system having ablative and coagulation
lasers. The preferred embodiments include short pulse ablative lasers
(pulse duration less than 200 microseconds) with wavelength range of
(0.15-3.2) microns and the long pulse (longer than 200 microseconds)
coagulative lasers at (0.5-10.6) microns. Compact diode lasers of
(980-2100) nm and diode-pumped solid state laser at about 2.9 microns for
radial ablation patterns on the sclera ciliary body of a cornea are also
disclosed for presbyopia correction using the mechanism of sclera
expansion.