Conventional light-emitting elements, in particular an organic
electroluminescence devices, involve problems resulting from a low light
extraction efficiency of 20% or less, because of limitations on light
emission set by total reflection angle on an organic layer or transparent
electrode as the component, and are demanded to have improved luminance
and other optical characteristics which depend on viewing angle. The
present invention provides an organic electroluminescence device which
can improve a light extraction efficiency and thereby reduce operational
current and power consumption by incorporating a laminate of optical thin
films of low refractive index and having pores whose size is controlled
at a level equivalent to or shorter than visible wavelengths, because the
light components totally reflected to become wave-guided or reflected
light in a common device can be extracted as light scattered by the
pores.