Methods and devices are provided for cleaning firearm barrels, including those of military issue firearms, wherein the methods include a step for removing loose materials from within the barrel, a step for dislodging materials not removed during the first removal step, and a step for removing the materials dislodged during the dislodging step, as well as one or more optional cleaning steps to be performed in addition to or in lieu of the other cleaning steps, and wherein the firearm barrel cleaning device can be adapted to have different configurations for use during one or more of the various cleaning steps.