A method of fabricating a spatial light modulator. The method includes
providing a first substrate having a mirror layer, the mirror layer
having an upper surface and a lower surface. The method also includes
forming a standoff structure from the first substrate, the standoff
structure having an integrated surface coupled to the lower surface of
the mirror layer and a bonding surface opposite the integrated surface.
The standoff structure includes a centrally located base section
extending from the integrated surface to the bonding surface along a
first axis and a plurality of lateral extension arms extending from the
base section along a second axis orthogonal to the first axis. The method
further includes providing a second substrate having a bonding surface
and a support surface, joining the bonding surface of the standoff
structure to the bonding surface of the second substrate, and releasing a
portion of the first substrate to form a torsion spring hinge coplanar
with the mirror layer.