A solid-phase nano extraction device includes an extraction tube whose inner surface has a nanostructure for a large contact area with object to be detected. The nanostructure can adsorb objects in an extremely short reaction time. A driving structure is designed for the solid-phase micro extraction device. The extraction tube is connected to the driving structure for the objects to enter the fiber under the force of concentration gradient, pressure difference, or capillary force, thereby being adsorbed onto the nanostructure.