A 3D cursor or joystick device and control method employs a complementary
pair of emitter/detector units, one worn on a part of a user's body
(e.g., the head) and the other mounted in a stationary position on a
display monitor facing the user. Each unit has an array of photovoltaic
(PV) cells centered on a normal axis and an infrared diode for emitting a
light beam on the normal axis. Each photodetectors array receives the
infrared beam from the other unit and provides output signals
representing the light intensities of the received beam on the PV cells.
The PV cell response signals of the complementary units are used together
to calculate the position and angular orientation of the user-worn unit
relative to the stationary unit. The position and angle values are used
by a software device driver installed on a computer to control 3D
navigation functions of the associated application program on the
computer. The system can be used for playing interctive 3D games, and
also used for hands-free control in a wide range of other applications
and environments, such as to control flight motions in a simulator or
cockpit of an aircraft, or the command center of a naval vessel,
spaceship, land vehicle, etc., for disabled persons to provide hands-free
input to a computer, motorized wheelchair, prosthetic device, etc., and
for controlling various functions in an industrial environment, such as
guiding machine-assisted movement, or in CAD design, architectural,
medical graphics, virtual reality, and other applications.