A method and apparatus for adaptively configuring an array of voltage
transformation modules is disclosed. The aggregate voltage transformation
ratio of the adaptive array is adjusted to digitally regulate the output
voltage for a wide range of input voltages. An integrated adaptive array
having a plurality of input cells, a plurality of output cells, or a
plurality of both is also disclosed. The input and output cells may be
adaptively configured to provide an adjustable transformer turns ratio
for the adaptive array or in the case of an integrated VTM, an adjustable
voltage transformation ratio for the integrated VTM. A controller is used
to configure the cells and provide digital regulation of the output. A
converter having input cells configured as a complementary pair, which
are switched out of phase, reduces common mode current and noise. Series
connected input cells are used for reducing primary switch voltage
ratings in a converter and enabling increased operating frequency or
efficiency. An off-line auto-ranging power supply topology is disclosed.
An auto-ranging converter module ("ACM") includes 2 or more input cells
magnetically coupled to an output cell providing auto-ranging, isolation,
and voltage transformation. The ACM converts a rectified line voltage to
a low DC bus voltage. The topology allows regulation and power factor
correction to be provided at a low voltage increasing energy density and
efficiency and reducing cost. A fully integrated PCM may also include a
hold-up circuit, a DC input, and a power regulator with or without power
factor correction. A PCM with PFC may combine the hold-up and smoothing
capacitors for further increases in power density.