The present methods provide tools for growing conformal metal thin films,
including metal nitride, metal carbide and metal nitride carbide thin
films. In particular, methods are provided for growing such films from
aggressive chemicals. The amount of corrosive chemical compounds, such as
hydrogen halides, is reduced during the deposition of transition metal,
transition metal carbide, transition metal nitride and transition metal
nitride carbide thin films on various surfaces, such as metals and
oxides. Getter compounds protect surfaces sensitive to hydrogen halides
and ammonium halides, such as aluminum, copper, silicon oxide and the
layers being deposited, against corrosion. Nanolaminate structures
incorporating metallic thin films, and methods for forming the same, are
also disclosed.