A universal logic gate apparatus is disclosed, which include a plurality of self-assembling chains of nanoparticles having a plurality of resistive connections, wherein the plurality of self-assembling chains of nanoparticles comprise resistive connects utilized to create a universal, reconfigurable logic gate A plasticity mechanism is also provided, which is based on a plasticity rule for creating stable connections from the plurality of self-assembling chains of nanoparticles for use with the universal, reconfigurable logic gate. The plasticity mechanism can be based, for example, on a 2-dimensional binary input data stream, depending upon design considerations. A circuit is also associated with the plurality of self-assembling chains of nanoparticles, wherein the circuit provides a logic bypass that implements a flip-cycle for second-level logic. Additionally, an extractor logic gate is associated with the plurality of self-assembling chains of nanoparticles, wherein the extractor logic gate provides logic functionalities.