One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that facilitates transferring data between system components. During operation, the system receives a transfer session object at a data sink component through a universal data transfer interface, wherein the transfer session object contains mobile code that implements a source-specific data transfer protocol for communicating with a data source component. Next, the system retrieves data from the data source component through the transfer session object. In this way, the data sink component can retrieve data from the data source component without having to be preconfigured with the source-specific data transfer protocol for communicating with the data source component.