In one embodiment, a method for depositing a tungsten-containing film on a
substrate is provided which includes depositing a barrier layer on the
substrate, such as a titanium or tantalum containing barrier layer and
depositing a ruthenium layer on the barrier layer. The method further
includes depositing a tungsten nucleation layer on the ruthenium layer
and depositing a tungsten bulk layer on the tungsten nucleation layer.
The barrier layer, the ruthenium layer, the tungsten nucleation layer and
the tungsten bulk layer are independently deposited by an ALD process, a
CVD process or a PVD process, preferably by an ALD process. In some
examples, the substrate is exposed to a soak process prior to depositing
a subsequent layer, such as between the deposition of the barrier layer
and the ruthenium layer, the ruthenium layer and the tungsten nucleation
layer or the tungsten nucleation layer and the tungsten bulk layer.