The radiation properties and wave guiding properties of frequency
selective surfaces are used in conjunction with closely spaced antenna
elements to fabricate antenna structures having adjustable radiation
characteristics. The direction, magnitude, and polarization of radiation
patterns for such antenna structures can be adjusted by varying the
texture or patterning of layers of conducting material forming the
frequency selective surfaces. The invention enables the fabrication of
low profile antenna structures that can easily be conformed or integrated
into complex surfaces without sacrificing antenna performance.