A retractable thrust vector control system (10) for a rocket motor (26) that can generate an exhaust plume comprises at least one control vane (12) connectable to an attitude control assembly (20) that rotates the vane (12) about a control axis (44). The system also includes a retraction mechanism (14) for withdrawing the control vane (12) along the control axis (44) from an extended position at least partially within a path of a rocket exhaust plume and a retracted position substantially out of a path of a rocket exhaust plume.