A rubber composition, usable for the manufacture of tires, is based on at least one diene elastomer, reinforcing filler, vulcanization system and, as anti-reversion agent, a citraconimidomaleimide compound of the formula (R=hydrocarbon radical): ##STR00001## The composition may be used for the manufacture of a finished article or a semi-finished product made of rubber intended for a ground contact system of an automobile, in particular of a tire.