The invention provides hollow-tip-electrodes for spatially localized
delivery of substances to one or more biological targets present in a
population comprising target and non-target molecules, macromolecules,
and/or cells. The invention also provides electrode plates for receiving
one or more of such tips, tip-electrode plates comprising electrode
plates comprising one or more electrode tips, and systems comprising
tip-electrodes and containers for containing one or more biological
targets, e.g., such as molecules, macromolecules, and/or cells. The
invention further provides methods for using such systems and components
thereof. In one preferred aspect, the systems are used for spatially
confined electroporation of cells and cell structures. The invention
facilitates high throughput screening of agents (e.g., such as drugs)
that act on intracellular targets.