The present invention relates generally to a method for the treatment and
prophylaxis of inflammatory conditions. The present invention is
predicated in part on the identification of cells of the
monocyte/macrophage lineage being critical for inflammation and, in
particular, chronic inflammation. In accordance with the present
invention, it is proposed that the reduction in levels of
monocyte/macrophage-type cells and/or a reduction in the production of
inflammatory and pro-inflammatory mediators by these cells, especially
locally, is effective in reducing inflammatory conditions. The present
invention further provides animal models useful for screening for
reducing levels of monocyte/macrophage-type cells and/or reducing the
production of inflammatory and pro-inflammatory mediators of these cells.