This invention introduces a new category of engineered surfaces and
corresponding production processes for better wear resistance and lower
friction loss. The structured surfaces can be applied on many automobile
components with frictional surfaces. The composite structure settles the
usual conflicts between surface functions and stresses. Two sets of
multiple-step processes are introduced to achieve high production
efficiency and low cost. Unlike traditional surface technologies that
generate single and uniform layers on the whole part surface, the new
technology processes the part surface selectively for more effective
surfaces with versatile functions.