An object of the present invention is to provide a planographic printing plate material as well as a printing method in which excellent properties of on-press development, exposure image visualization, scratch resistance, background contamination resistance, and printing durability are exhibited. Disclosed is a planographic printing plate material possessing a hydrophilic layer and an image formation layer provided on a plastic support, wherein the image formation layer contains polyolefin wax having a melting point of 105-120.degree. C. and a melt viscosity of 1-1200 mPas, the hydrophilic layer contains spherical silica particles having a particle diameter of 5.0-7.0 .mu.m, and a content ratio of the spherical silica particles having a particle diameter of 5.0-7.0 .mu.m is not less than 60% by volume, based on a total volume of particles having a particle diameter of 2-10 .mu.m contained in the hydrophilic layer.