A system comprises a processing chamber for maintaining a hydrogen plasma
at low pressure. The processing chamber has a long, wide, thin geometry
to favor deposition of thin-film silicon on sheet substrates over the
chamber walls. The sheet substrates are moved through between ends. A
pair of opposing radio frequency electrodes above and below the
workpieces are electrically driven hard to generate a flat, pancaked
plasma cloud in the middle spaces of the processing chamber. A collinear
series of gas injector jets pointed slightly up on a silane-jet manifold
introduce 100% silane gas at high velocity from the side in order to roll
the plasma cloud in a coaxial vortex. A second such silane-jet manifold
is placed on the opposite side and pointed slightly down to further help
roll the plasma and maintain a narrow band of silane concentration. A
silane-concentration monitor observes the relative amplitudes of the
spectral signatures of the silane and the hydrogen constituents in the
roll-vortex plasma and outputs a process control feedback signal that is
used to keep the silane in hydrogen concentration at about 6-7%.