An apparatus for producing an annular electron beam comprises a cathode
for generating electrons, a cavity having an annular shape and operable
to receive the electrons, an energy input coupled to the cavity, where
the energy input is operable to supply Radio Frequency (RF) energy at the
cavity and an energy output coupled to the cavity and operable to receive
accelerated electrons from the cavity and operable to output the
accelerated electrons as an annular electron beam.