One preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a GalK variant comprising a Y371H, M173L or Y371H-M173L mutation for in vivo and in vitro glycorandomization. In another preferred embodiment, the E. coli GalK variant is mutated at one or more amino acids including R28, E34, D37, D174, Y233, C339, Y371, Y371H, M173, M173L and C353. The GalK variants display catalytic activity toward a variety of D or L sugars. Another preferred embodiment provides method of phosphorylating sugars comprising the step of incubating a nucleotide triphosphate (NTP) and a D or L sugar in the presence of a GalK variant such that a sugar phosphate is produced. This sugar phosphate may be further incubated with a nucleotidylyltransferase, such that a NDP-sugar is produced. The NDP-sugar may be further incubated with a biomolecule capable of being glycosylated in the presence of a glycosyltransferase, such that a glycosylated biomolecule is produced.