Methods for forming conductor contacts provide for etching through a
capping layer located upon a conductor contact region within a substrate.
A first pair of methods provide for etching through at least a lower
thickness of the capping layer with other than a reactive ion etch to
provide an exposed conductor contact region. A partially overlapping
second pair of methods provides for converting at least an upper
thickness of the capping layer to a converted material layer that is
removed incident to providing an exposed conductor contact region. As
adjunct to any of the methods, a liner layer is formed and located upon
the exposed conductor contact region in absence of an undesirable
reactive environment.