According to one embodiment, a neurological stimulation system includes an electrical stimulation lead suited for implantation into the epidural space overlying the medulla for stimulation of nerve tissue in the brain stem. The lead includes a plurality of electrodes suited to be positioned in the epidural space overlying the medulla and to deliver stimulation energy to the nerve tissue. The system also includes a stimulation source suited for implantation into the person's body and operable to generate signals for transmission to the electrodes of the lead positioned in the epidural space overlying the medulla to cause the electrodes to deliver stimulation energy to the nerve tissue. In a particular embodiment, the lead may be suited for implantation posteriorly on, in, or near the brain stem overlying the medulla. In a particular embodiment, the lead may be inserted through an open craniotomy or a burr hole located approximately over the junction of the occiput and the first or second cervical vertebrae.