Techniques for GPS navigation used to determine the position and velocity
of a moving object. Pseudorange (PR) measurements and accumulated delta
range (ADR) measurements are made at the object from received GPS
signals. Differences are computed between ADR measurements that are
separated by a time interval that is greater than a time interval between
consecutive ADR measurements. Navigational parameters (e.g., position,
velocity and clock) are estimated from the PR measurements and the ADR
differences. The ADR measurement equations set for herein are formulated
in a much more accurate way so that the time interval between the ADR
measurements used to compute an ADR difference can be much larger than
that used for current ADR differencing techniques in GPS navigation
applications. Consequently, the ADR differences are more accurate, which
translates into a much more accurate navigation solution. In addition,
the ADR differencing technique contributes to shorten convergence times
of the Kalman filter processing, and thereby improve the accuracy of
spacecraft navigation. Techniques are also provided to extend these
highly accurate ADR processing algorithms to integrated GPS/IMU
navigation applications, where IMU data is used as an accurate
propagation model to propagate the state vector.