An electronic ballast for driving a gas discharge lamp avoids mercury
pumping in the lamp by adaptively changing an operating frequency of an
inverter of the ballast when operating near high-end. The inverter of the
ballast generates a high-frequency AC voltage, which is characterized by
the operating frequency and an operating duty cycle. The ballast also
comprises a resonant tank for coupling the high-frequency AC voltage to
the lamp to generate a present lamp current through the lamp, and a
current sense circuit for determining the magnitude of the present lamp
current. A hybrid analog/digital control circuit controls both the
operating frequency and the operating duty cycle of the inverter with
closed-loop techniques. The control circuit adjusts the duty cycle of the
inverter in response to a target lamp current and the present lamp
current. To avoid mercury pumping, the control circuit attempts to
maximize the duty cycle of the inverter when operating at high-end.
Specifically, the control circuit adjusts the operating frequency of the
inverter in response to the target lamp current signal, the duty cycle of
the inverter, and a target duty cycle in order to drive the operating
duty cycle toward the target duty cycle.