Many xerographic machines have a motor polygon assembly (MPA), which is a
rotating polygonal mirror. As the MPA rotates, it reflects a modulated
light beam to produce scan lines on a photoreceptor. Inconsistencies in
the MPA can cause inconsistencies in the scan lines, and therefore
banding in a printed document. Misalignment, improper mounting, improper
manufacture, or sources can cause the MPA inconsistencies. The banding is
periodic, can be measured and can be compensated for. Although the
modulated light beam can be modulated by many sources, further modulation
using a compensation source can reduce banding.