Devices, systems and methods are described for controlling, preventing and/or treating epileptic seizures by activating baroreceptors. By selectively and controllably activating baroreceptors, the present invention reduces seizure activity, thereby minimizing the effects of epilepsy. A baroreceptor activation device is positioned near a baroreceptor on the patient's arterial or venous vasculature, for example in the carotid sinus, aortic arch, inferior vena cava, or the like. One or more optional sensors, such as EEG sensors, detect neurological activity to help determine when to activate baroreceptors to reduce or prevent seizures.