A technique performed by a transformer-coupled DC-DC converter is
described for recovering energy, due to leakage inductance in the
transformer. A main power supply, providing a power supply voltage to a
Vin terminal, is intermittently coupled to the primary winding of the
transformer by a switching transistor. When the switching transistor is
turned off, creating a voltage spike in the primary winding due to
leakage inductance, the spike is conducted by a forward biased diode and
filtered by a capacitor. The voltage at the capacitor (Vc) is then
applied as an input voltage to a small pulse width modulated (PWM)
regulator. The output of the PWM regulator is coupled to the Vin terminal
along with the main power supply. The PWM regulator regulates the input
voltage Vc to be a predetermined amount above the power supply voltage.
Since the voltage spike energy is used to create the input voltage for
the PWM regulator, and the output of the PWM regulator is fed back into
the Vin terminal, the energy is recovered. Also, since Vc can be set to
be any voltage above Vin, the voltage across the switching transistor is
greatly limited.