A unique combination of solution stabilization and delivery technologies
with special ALD operation is provided. A wide range of low volatility
solid ALD precursors dissolved in solvents are used. Unstable solutes may
be stabilized in solution and all of the solutions may be delivered at
room temperature. After the solutions are vaporized, the vapor phase
precursors and solvents are pulsed into a deposition chamber to assure
true ALD film growth.