The invention is directed to a material and a method of substantially
eliminating destructive low-temperature, humidity-enhanced phase
transformation of yttria-stabilized zirconia in general, as well as
eliminating low-temperature degradation of yttria-stabilized tetragonal
zirconia polycrystalline ceramic (Y-TZP). The martensitic-type phase
transformation from tetragonal to monoclinic is accompanied by severe
strength degradation in a moist environment at low-temperature,
specifically at room temperature as well as at body temperature. This
class of materials has been chosen as the packaging material for small
implantable neural-muscular sensors and stimulators because of the high
fracture toughness and high mechanical strength. This destructive phase
transformation has been substantially eliminated, thus ensuring the
safety of long-term implants, by subjecting the sintered components to
post-machining hot isostatic pressing, such that the average grain size
is less than about 0.5 microns.