A method of annotating an item with electronic data is described which comprises securing a memory tag to the item, the memory tag having a memory and a transponder to enable wireless communication with the memory tag, and having an external dimension D. The memory tag is adapted for wireless communication only with a transceiver located within a distance of 10D of the memory tag.Also described is apparatus for annotating an item with electronic data wherein the apparatus comprises a memory tag which in use is secured to the item, and a transceiver for wireless communication with the memory tag. The memory tag includes a memory and a transponder, and has an external dimension D. The memory tag and transceiver are adapted for wireless communication therebetween only when the transceiver is located within a distance of 10D of the memory tag.