Methods for fusion inside a forward widely tapering human disc space. A
stabilizing/guiding system is driven into and against the disc space. The
device is further stabilized by spreading and gripping means inside both
vertebral end plates. Rod retaining members hold calibrated rod units
whose adapted tips perform reaming and threading of the disc space.
Subsequently, the tapered cage or implant can be inserted by a free-hand
method under direct vision into the prepared and tapered bed. Rod unit
divergent angulation is set to match that of the disc space as well as
the implants so they obtain optimal distributed purchase of vertebral
bone. In one embodiment, inserts are confluent with parallel medial walls
rather than their long axes, increasing torsional or lateral
translational stability and simplifying placement of additional bone
chips. No tubular guide means are required.