The present invention provides a method and apparatus for compensating for
temperature effects in the operation of semiconductor processes
circuitry, such as reference circuits. The method operates on the
realization that the second order effects such as "curvature" in the
reference voltage variation over a temperature range is removed. The
reference voltage variation over a temperature range can be represented
as a straight line. This method provides for the trimming of the absolute
voltage by scaling the reference voltage at a first temperature to the
desired value by a temperature independent voltage. Then, at a second
temperature, the output voltage slope is corrected by adding or
subtracting a voltage which is always zero at the first temperature.