Systems and methods for injecting and mixing a liquid hydrocarbon fuel to
provide a uniform, homogenous fuel vapor mixture for introduction into a
fuel reformer for use with a fuel cell are disclosed. Preferably, the
system includes a fuel injector that generates and aspirate a liquid fuel
in the presence of an atomizing gas stream; a diverging-converging mixing
chamber, into which the atomized fuel and a secondary fluid stream are
introduced, to enhance the mixing of the fuel and the added heated gas or
steam; and a mixer/swirler, which can be centrally located in the mixing
chamber between the upper and lower chambers, to stabilize the fuel vapor
mixture further for greater uniformity and homogeneity. More preferably,
grooves and/or brazed wires can be provided on the surfaces of the mixing
chamber and/or mixer/swirler to channel any accumulated fuel so as to
provide sufficient time to evaporate the accumulated fuel.