An implantable lead for electrical stimulation of tissue has wire-like
extendable members whose tips curl back upon themselves in open tissue
spaces to form 2- or 3-dimensional electrodes. The electrodes may be
positioned axially or in other directions from the lead body. Traction on
the lead body or extendable members allows easy withdrawal as the member
tip electrodes uncurl, allowing removal without major surgery. This
apparatus and method is useful for minimally invasive insertion of
electrodes or electrode arrays, especially through a narrow body lumen or
Tuohy needle, providing therapeutic stimulation of nervous tissue, muscle
or organs.