A vehicle engine has a system of valves that permits various cylinders to
operate in different modes of operation. During braking, some of the
engine cylinders receive air, compress it, and transfer it to an
intermediate air container. Other cylinders receive compressed air from
the intermediate air container, further compress it, and transfer it to a
high-pressure air reservoir for storage. During acceleration, some of the
engine cylinders receive compressed air from the high-pressure air
reservoir, expand it to a lower level of pressure, and transfer it to the
intermediate air container. Other cylinders receive air from the
intermediate air container, further expand it, and use it for combustion
in an internal-combustion cycle. During short stops, the engine is shut
down, for the duration of the stop, and then, it is restarted with
compressed air. During cruise, the engine operates as a conventional
internal-combustion engine.