Method and apparatus are disclosed that enable lasers to be stabilized in
absolute frequency to high precision. The principle of operation is to:
1) lock the laser frequency to an etalon transmission resonance, 2) phase
modulate the laser beam at a frequency corresponding to the free spectral
range of the etalon and lock the phase modulated sidebands to the etalon
resonances, and 3) lock the etalon free spectral range frequency to a
stable reference frequency derived from, e.g., a stable crystal
oscillator. The result is that the laser frequency is locked to an
integer multiple of the reference frequency. The invention has
applicability to numerous situations where a stable frequency must be
provided at a specific value, and has further applicability to
stabilizing multiple lasers in different locations to the same value.