Low cost millimeter wave imagers using two-dimensional focal plane arrays
based on backward tunneling diode (BTD) detectors. Two-dimensional focal
arrays of BTD detectors are used as focal plane arrays in imagers. High
responsivity of BTD detectors near zero bias results in low noise
detectors that alleviate the need for expensive and heat generating low
noise amplifiers or Dicke switches in the imager. BTD detectors are
installed on a printed circuit board using flip chip packaging technology
and horn antennas direct the waves toward the flip chip including the BTD
detectors. The assembly of the horn antennas, flip chips, printed circuit
board substrate, and interconnects together work as an imaging sensor.
Corrugated surfaces of the components prevent re-radiation of the
incident waves.