Fuel cells (38) have water passageways (67; 78, 85; 78a, 85a) that provide
water through reactant gas flow field plates (74, 81) to cool the fuel
cell. The water passageways may be vented to atmosphere (99), by a porous
plug (69), or pumped (89, 146) with or without removing any water from
the passageways. A condenser (59, 124) receives reactant air exhaust, may
have a contiguous reservoir (64, 128), may be vertical, (a vehicle
radiator, FIG. 2), may be horizontal, contiguous with the top of the fuel
cell stack (37, FIG. 5), or below (124) the fuel cell stack (120). The
passageways may be grooves (76, 77; 83, 84) or may comprise a plane of
porous hydrophilic material (78a, 85a) contiguous with substantially the
entire surface of one or both of the reactant gas flow field plates. Air
flow in the condenser may be controlled by shutters (155). The condenser
may be a heat exchanger (59a) having freeze-proof liquid flowing through
a coil (161) thereof, the amount being controlled by a valve (166). A
deionizer (175) may be used.