An electronic device includes a printed layer. In one embodiment, a
process for forming the electronic device includes placing a workpiece
over a chuck within a printing apparatus. A temperature difference is
established between the workpiece and a liquid composition. The process
further includes continuously printing the liquid composition over the
workpiece. A viscosity of the liquid composition is allowed to increase
at a rate significantly higher than an ambient viscosity increase rate.
In another embodiment, the workpiece is allowed to cool to a temperature
significantly below an ambient temperature before printing occurs. In
still another embodiment, a printing apparatus is used for continuously
printing the liquid composition over the workpiece. The printing
apparatus includes the chuck, a printing head, a container, a feed line,
and a first temperature-adjusting element thermally coupled to the chuck,
the printing head, the container the feed line, or a combination thereof.