Liquid washing and cleaning compositions are claimed, which comprise, as a surfactant, one or more of the components of linear alkylbenzenesulfonate, olefinsulfonate, alkylsulfate as well as soap and a nonionic surfactant, and, as a dye fixative, homo- and copolymers of diallyldimethylammonium chloride or the reaction products of cyanamides with aldehydes and ammonium salts or cyanamides with aldehydes and monoamines or monoamines and/or polyamines with epichlorohydrin or polyamines with cyanamides and amidosulfuric acid.